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Curly-Coated Retriever

An excellent hunting companion, the Curly-Coated Retriever has a gentle temperament that makes him an ideal family dog. Loving with children and eager to please, this breed is a protective watchdog. The robust, athletic Curly enjoys swimming and needs vigorous daily exercise to keep him from becoming bored and destructive. His short coat requires minimal care and occasional baths.

DID YOU KNOW? The Curly-Coated Retriever descended from the 16th century English Water Spaniel, Retrieving Setter and the Irish Water Spaniel. The Curly became popular in New Zealand and Australia after the breed was imported there from England in 1889. The Curly-Coated Retriever was introduced in the U.S. in 1907.

The need-to-know

Dog suitable for non-experienced owners
Some training required
Enjoys vigorous walks
Enjoys walking more than two hours a day
Large dog
Some drool
Requires grooming every other day
Non hypoallergenic breed
Quiet dog
Not a guard dog
May require training to live with other pets
Great family dog

Personality

A steady, confident, bold dog, the Curly Coated Retriever is quite independent and can seem aloof to those he doesn't know well. With his loved ones, however, he is affectionate and makes a calm, loyal companion. He is very much an 'outdoor' dog and loves exploring his surroundings and retrieving – in and out of the water.

History and Origins

The exact history of the Curly Coated Retriever dog breed is unclear, with many breeds going into its development as a gundog, including various retrievers, the Tweed Water Spaniel and the Irish Water Spaniel among others. The Poodle was also used, to improve the curliness of the coat. The breed was first shown in 1860 and excelled as a shooting dog, but its popularity as a pet and working dog waned with the emergence of the Labrador Retriever.

Nutrition and Feeding

Large breed dogs, as well as having large appetites, benefit from a different balance of nutrients including minerals and vitamins compared to smaller-breed dogs. The Curly Coat, in common with many large breeds, is prone to bloating and stomach problems; smaller, more frequent meals can help minimise this risk.

Exercise

An active dog, the Curly Coat needs two hours of exercise and more a day. He loves retrieving – be it on land or in water – and his waterproof coat serves him well. This is a dog that enjoys 'working', so take a toy for fetch games, to spice up walks

Other Information

Health and common issues

As with many breeds, the Curly Coated Retriever can suffer from various hereditary eye disorders, and hip dysplasia (a condition that can lead to mobility problems). Eye testing and hip scoring of dogs prior to breeding is therefore important.

Best family dog breeds

While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children , all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with and respect each other, and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

Retriever (Chesapeake Bay)

The Chesapeake Bay Retriever is a large, powerful and muscular dog. Slightly larger and longer in the leg than the Labrador, the Chesapeake has a very dense, thick coat. This should be short and hard, with an oily feel to it, smooth on the face and legs but wavy over the shoulders. Along with the water-resistant coat which protects the Chesapeake from the harshest of weather conditions, they have strong webbed feet, making them excellent swimmers.

The need-to-know

Dog suitable for non-experienced owners
Some training required
Enjoys vigorous walks
Enjoys walking more than two hours a day
Large dog
Minimum drool
Requires grooming once a week
Non hypoallergenic breed
Quiet dog
Not a guard dog
Great with other pets
Great family dog

Lifespan:

10 – 12 years

Weight:

25 – 36.4kg

Height:

53 – 66cm

Colours:

The coat is described as ‘dead grass’ in colour, which ranges from straw to bracken, other colours are ‘sedge’ which is a red gold shade, and any shade of brown or ash is also accepted. They may have small spots of white on the chest and feet

Size:

Large

UK Kennel Club Groups:

Gundog

Lifespan:

10 – 12 years

Weight:

25 – 36.4kg

Height:

53 – 66cm

Colours:

Size:

Large

UK Kennel Club Groups:

Gundog

Personality

Bright and cheerful, playful and independent, the Chesapeake Bay Retriever is a big and powerful dog, and not ideally suited to the novice owner. With the right approach, and an owner who understands what makes these dogs tick and has the ability to provide for that, they can make an excellent companion, but this is a hard-working breed who really wants to work. They won’t be happy lazing around and need kind, consistent training to behave as respectable members of canine society.

History and Origins

Country of Origin: United States

The Chesapeake Bay Retriever is an American breed, named for the Chesapeake Bay which stretches from Havre de Grace, Maryland, to Virginia Beach, Virginia. It is the third largest estuary in the world, and this huge area of wetland meant water-fowl hunters needed a very robust, powerful and water-resistant dog to find and retrieve shot game.The Chesapeake was developed from British dogs brought over by settlers, and Chesapeake’s ancestors can be traced back to two Newfoundland’s, rescued as puppies from a ship wrecked off the Maryland coast in the early 19th century. These puppies, a brown dog named Sailor and black bitch called Canton were later mated with the local retrieving dogs and their offspring inherited the retrieving ability from their retriever parents and the oily, water-resistant coat, powerful build and webbed feet of their Newfoundland parents, giving them the perfect build and ability to work the icy waters of the Bay.

Nutrition and Feeding

Large breed dogs, as well as having large appetites, benefit from a different balance of nutrients including minerals and vitamins compared to smaller-breed dogs. The Chesapeake Bay Retriever is prone to bloating and stomach problems; smaller, more frequent meals can help minimise this risk.

Exercise

The Chesapeake Bay Retriever needs two or more hours exercise per day, walking over a variety of terrain, ideally including swims and retrieval from water. They live to work and won’t thank you for a day off if its raining or cold - they will want to go whatever the weather. The ideal owner will love spending hours in the countryside, and not mind getting muddy or wet. Games that involve swimming, scenting out hidden toys and retrieving will keep the Chesapeake happy and fulfilled.

Other Information

Health and common issues

As with many breeds, the Chesapeake Bay Retriever can suffer from various hereditary eye disorders, and hip dysplasia (a condition that can lead to mobility problems). Eye testing and hip scoring of dogs prior to breeding is therefore important. The breed club monitor the health of the breed carefully and should be contacted for the most up-to-date information and details of any DNA or additional testing they recommend. Breed Clubs can be found on the Kennel Club website.

Space requirements

This is a large dog, who needs to spend a lot of time outside getting wet and muddy, therefore they are not ideally suited to small homes in urban areas. A home large enough to have a dedicated dog room for them to dry off, and a secure garden, with access to a variety of rural walks will suit them well, as they are better off in the countryside than the town. As bathing can damage their coat, they can smell rather doggy and so non-houseproud owners might well suit them best.

Training chesapeake bay retrievers

Consistency is required with the Chesapeake as they have a very independent mind and if they think you don’t know what you are doing, they will decide what to do for themselves. Positive reinforcement works well and these dogs adore food and retrieving game or dummies so are not hard to motivate if you are asking them to perform tasks they enjoy. Work hard on teaching a Chesapeake to be polite in the company of other dogs and people, particularly children, as they can be very enthusiastic in their play, leaning towards rather rude if not well trained and socialised!

Best family dog breeds

Big, bold and requiring a lot of exercise, the Chesapeake is better suited to homes with older children, teens or those without children. Ideal owners would enjoy long walks whatever the weather and want to spend some time training and working their dog either as a gundog proper, or in one of the many sports that recreate elements of water work, scent work or retrieval work. While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with and respect each other, and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

Did you know?

Chesapeake Bay Retrievers have been the official State Dog of Maryland since 1967.
The American actor Paul Walker, famous for the Fast &; Furious films, owned a Chesapeake Bay Retriever named Boone, who appeared alongside him in the film Into The Blue (2005).
It is claimed that a Chesapeake once retrieved over 300 ducks in one day from the near freezing waters, and that “even heavy seas did not deter them from their work”!
Chesapeake Bay Retrievers have webbed feet which is one of the many reasons they make such great swimmers.
These dogs are known to be extremely playful with a very goofy sense of humour.

Pyrenean Sheepdog

A medium-sized dog, the Pyrenean Sheepdog is one of the smaller sheepdog breeds. He is lean and athletic, with a long or semi-long coat that has a 'windswept' appearance. The coat comes in various colours, including fawn, grey, blue merle, slate blue or brindle, black, or black and white. Adult dogs are 40-48cm tall, and females 38-46cm. They weigh approximately 7-15kg.

The need-to-know

Dog suitable for experienced owners
Some training required
Enjoys vigorous walks
Enjoys walking one to two hours a day
Medium dog
Some drool
Requires grooming every other day
Non hypoallergenic breed
Very vocal dog
Guard dog. Barks and alerts
May require training to live with other pets
May require training to live with kids

Personality

An inquisitive, alert, energetic dog, the Pyrenean Sheepdog has retained strong herding instincts, which will need to be channeled positively. He is naturally wary of strangers, but should be good-tempered with them. Not an ideal breed for a first-timer, he would thrive in more experienced hands where he can enjoy training to the full.

History and Origins

One of France's oldest breeds, the Pyrenean Sheepdog breed – or Le Berger des Pyrenees - dates back to at least the 19th century. He was used for herding large flocks of sheep in the mountainous region of the Pyrenees and came to the attention of the outside world with the First World War when he was used as a messenger dog by the French army. He still works as a sheepdog in rural France, but his chief 'job' today is as a companion.

Nutrition and Feeding

Your Pyrenean Sheepdog's diet needs to have the right balance of all the main nutrient groups including a constant supply of fresh water. It's important to conduct regular body condition scores to ensure you keep your dog in ideal shape and remember also to feed him at least twice daily and in accordance with the feeding guidelines of his particular food.

Exercise

For his size, he has great energy and needs at least an hour's daily free running, but preferably more. He has proved successful in many of the dog sports – from obedience and agility to flyball and working trials – he is eager to learn and has a great deal of mental energy as well as physical.

Other Information

Health and common issues

The Pyrenean Sheepdog is generally a healthy breed, but as with many breeds, can suffer from various hereditary eye disorders, and hip dysplasia (a condition that can lead to mobility problems). Eye testing and hip scoring of dogs prior to breeding is therefore important.

Best family dog breeds

Pyrenean Mountain Dog

Possibly the best known of the livestock guardian breeds, the Pyrenean Mountain Dog is an immensely strong, huge, heavy bodied dog with a thick coat. Despite their size they should be elegant and well balanced with a smooth movement driven by powerful hindquarters.

The need-to-know

Dog suitable for experienced owners
Extra training required
Enjoys active walks
Enjoys walking one to two hours a day
Giant dog
Heavy drool
Requires grooming daily
Non hypoallergenic breed
Very vocal dog
Guard dog. Barks, alerts and it's physically protective
May require training to live with other pets
May require training to live with kids

Lifespan:

10 – 12 years

Weight:

36 – 54kg

Height:

66 – 81cm

Colours:

They are typically white or white with patches of badger, wolf-grey, lemon, orange or tan on their heads, ears and root of the tail

Size:

Large

UK Kennel Club Groups:

Pastoral

Lifespan:

10 – 12 years

Weight:

36 – 54kg

Height:

66 – 81cm

Colours:

They are typically white or white with patches of badger, wolf-grey, lemon, orange or tan on their heads, ears and root of the tail

Size:

Large

UK Kennel Club Groups:

Pastoral

Personality

Whilst Pyreneans can make affectionate and loving companions to their families, they are inclined toward aggression to strange dogs, particularly those of a similar size. Strangers will be at best mistrusted and at worst, a Pyrenean may react aggressively to those they deem unwelcome and threatening, so careful socialisation and training is advised.

Often described as headstrong and stubborn, the reality is that this is a bred long bred for a willingness to use aggression if they think necessary and an independent nature, ready to make decisions for themselves without the input of their owners. This means they really are not suitable for first-time owners as they are hard to motivate in training and must be managed very carefully.

History and Origins

Country of Origin: France

From the French side of the Pyrenean Mountains, the exact history of the breed is unknown, but we do know they have been used as a livestock guardian breed to protect sheep and cattle grazing the mountains for millennia. Fossils suggestive of this breed type predating the Bronze Age (1800-1000BC) have been found.These dogs were generally taken as very young puppies (sometimes as young and four or five weeks old) and placed with the sheep so that they will think of them as family and bond very closely to them - and then will protect them. They were often helped in this job by being given a fearsome looking spiked iron collar to help protect their throat from wolf attacks.

Nutrition and Feeding

Giant-breed dogs, as well as having giant appetites, benefit from a different balance of minerals and vitamins, supporting different joint and cartilage needs. The Pyrenean is prone to bloating and stomach problems; try feeding smaller, more frequent meals to help minimise the risk.

Exercise

Exercising puppies must be done very gradually to avoid putting excess strain on their growing bones and tender tissues and, even with the adult dog, care must taken to build up exercise gradually. Having said that, for their size they really do not need copious amounts of exercise, but, in time, should be given free running off the lead as well as regular controlled walks.

Other Information

Health and common issues

The Pyrenean Mountain Dog is generally a hardy breed. However, in common with many large breeds they may suffer hip dysplasia (a condition that can lead to mobility problems). Hip scoring of dogs prior to breeding is therefore important. The breed club monitor the health of the breed carefully and should be contacted for the most up-to-date information and details of any DNA or additional testing they recommend. Breed Clubs can be found on the Kennel Club website.

Space requirements

The Pyrenean is big, tall and long and with a heavy coat that picks up water and dirt. You’ll need a large house with a large garden and extremely secure, ideally double, fencing. You cannot stop a Pyrenean from guarding; therefore, you must ensure they feel no need to do so by using solid fencing. 50kg of guarding Pyrenean hitting a fence can do some real damage and should they escape they can cause serious accidents. Livestock guardian breeds do not fare well when loose surrounded by strangers. Suitable for remote rural living, with plenty of secure space to run and play. Pyreneans living in highly populated built-up areas are likely to feel very stressed and unhappy and will take serious management to keep safe.

Training pyrenean mountain dog

The Pyrenean is not inclined to enjoy training for training sake, so whilst they can and should be trained it will always be a work in progress and owners must take great care to keep up that effort. It is vital that puppies are well socialised and habituated to the life they will lead with their owners and life skills such as handling, walking on a harness and lead and recall should be worked on early and be ongoing as they will grow into a 10 stone giant, and so if training isn’t started from a very early age, you will often find yourself arguing with a dog who may well weigh more than you do! It must be understood that this dog is a lifestyle dog, requiring you to live a lifestyle that suits the dog, rather than attempting to change their nature to suit your life!

Best family dog breeds

Whilst the Pyrenean can be affectionate and friendly with their own family, they are not advised for homes with children, as children tend to mean other visiting children. Better suited to child-free homes or those with adult children only. While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with and respect each other, and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

Did you know?

The Pyrenean Mountain Dog is strangely popular within the Japanese manga and anime culture, with characters featuring in several manga series’ including Fullmetal Alchemist and Naruto amongst others.
In 2014 a Pyrenean Mountain dog, ‘Duke’ became Mayor of Comorant, a small town in Minnesota where he held the (ceremonial) role for four consecutive terms!
This breed is naturally nocturnal as they were bred to guard flocks of sheep and herds of cattle at night.
Queen Victoria of England owned a Pyrenean Mountain Dog in the mid-19th century.
In 1870, blood from Pyrenean Mountain Dogs was used at a hospice in Switzerland to help revive the St. Bernard after so many had suffered injuries from avalanches and distemper.

Pug

One of the oldest breeds, the Pug is a family favorite due to his even temper, playful personality and outgoing, loving disposition. This charming Asian breed originated before 400 B.C. A clownish, mischievous dog, the Pug is sturdy, adaptable and trainable, making him an ideal choice for families with children. The breed needs minimal exercise. Though his short coat sheds, it requires little grooming.

DID YOU KNOW? Napoleon’s wife, Josephine, used her Pug, “Fortune,” to carry secret messages under his collar to her husband while she was imprisoned at Les Carmes.

ALSO KNOWN AS: Chinese pug, Dutch bulldog, Dutch mastiff, Mini mastiff, Mops, Carlin

The need-to-know

Dog suitable for non-experienced owners
Basic training required
Enjoys gentle walks
Enjoys walking half an hour a day
Small dog
Minimum drool
Requires grooming once a week
Non hypoallergenic breed
Quiet dog
Guard dog. Barks and alerts
Great with other pets
Great family dog

Lifespan:

12–15 years

Weight:

6.3–8.1kg

Height:

25–33cm when fully grown

Colours:

Silver, apricot, fawn or black

Size:

Small

Kennel Club group:

Toy

Lifespan:

12–15 years

Weight:

6.3–8.1kg

Height:

25–33cm when fully grown

Colours:

Silver, apricot, fawn or black

Size:

Small

Kennel Club group:

Toy

Personality

This charming, good-tempered toy dog is a happy, sociable companion. Pugs are friendly with both owners and strangers, playful, funny and good with other dogs or animals. While pocket-sized, the Pug is still robust enough to cope with family life.

These little dogs have big personalities and are beloved by old and young alike. He can be calm and quiet but he can also have his mischievous, clownish moments. A super companion if you can offer him the time he needs, he does not like to be separated from his loved ones for too long.

History and Origins

Country of Origin: China

This is an ancient breed whose origins have been lost in the mists of time - and indeed there are many theories as to where and how the breed developed.It is however thought that the Pug came from China where it had been known for some time (and may be one of the ancestors of the Pekinese), before accompanying traders to Europe, where they developed largely in the Netherlands - then travelled to England with William III and Mary II when they came to the English throne in 1688.

Nutrition and Feeding

Toy dogs have a fast metabolism, meaning they burn energy at a high rate. They must eat little and often. Small-breed foods are specifically designed with appropriate levels of key nutrients and smaller kibble sizes to suit smaller mouths. This also encourages chewing and improves digestion. Check out our dog feeding guidelines for more information.

Exercise

The Pug needs only about half an hour of dog exercise a day, but he will happily potter around with you all day, and accompany you on errands. Never exercise him in hot weather or keep him in the car when it is even slightly warm, as he can suffer breathing difficulties.

Ideal Owner

The Pug will suit an owner with a sense of humour who wants an affectionate, trainable small dog, willing to go everywhere with them. The Pug doesn’t need much exercise, but be aware that they do like to snore.

Other Information

Health and common issues

The most common health problems are related to the Pug's flat face, which results in obstruction of their airways and a difficulty in breathing. Over-exercising and over-heating are therefore to be avoided. They are also prone to eye problems and like many small breeds, they can suffer from kneecaps that may temporarily slip out of place (luxating patellas).

Space requirements

A Pug is the perfect dog for a small urban space. They don’t need a garden as long as they have access to an outdoor area for exercise and toilet requirements - but they can also enjoy life in the countryside.

Training pugs

It’s easy to underestimate these little dogs, but Pugs can be surprisingly trainable and they will enjoy learning both basic obedience exercises and fun tricks. They should be taught to walk on a lead and harness - as well as learn a reliable recall - not that they generally wander far from their beloved owners!

Best family dog breeds

Pugs make great family dogs and are ideal for those with children. Although they should avoid boisterous games as their eyes can be prone to injury and their breathing restrictions prohibit too much running around especially in the heat. While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with and respect each other, and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

Did you know?

Now one of the most popular companion dog breeds, the Pug was made world famous in the film Men in Black (1997), when Mashu, a rescue Pug, played the part of a wise-cracking alien called Frank. He proved so popular that the character was expanded in the sequel made in 2002, by which time Mashu was seven years old and needed make up to cover his grey hairs! In the film he was even required to wear a $9,000 Italian suit. This popularity hasn’t done the breed any favours however as unscrupulous breeders have capitalised in on this sudden public interest. They are one of the most irresponsibly bred and puppy-farmed breeds, leading to a huge increase in health problems.
Not everyone loves Pugs however. While Josephine, wife of Napoleon, adored her Pug called Fortune and insisted her slept in her bed, her husband was not so enamoured. His opinion was confirmed when Fortune bit him on their wedding night, and left scars that he would carry for life (history doesn’t tell us exactly where!). He hated all dogs from then on and was convinced they brought him bad luck.

Portuguese Water Dog

The courageous, lively Portuguese Water Dog was bred to assist fishermen at sea by retrieving, diving and guarding. The breed’s webbed feet, robust body and waterproof coat make him a superior swimmer. Obedient and affectionate, the energetic, athletic Portuguese Water Dog requires daily exercise. His thick, hypoallergenic coat sheds minimally, but regular grooming is recommended.

DID YOU KNOW? The Portuguese Water Dog originated in Portugal, where the breed is called the Cao de Agua, or “dog of water.” He also is commonly referred to as the Portuguese Fishing Dog.

ALSO KNOWN AS: Cão de Água Português

The need-to-know

Dog suitable for experienced owners
Some training required
Enjoys vigorous walks
Enjoys walking more than two hours a day
Medium dog
Minimum drool
Requires grooming every other day
Hypoallergenic breed
Chatty and vocal dog
Guard dog. Barks and alerts
May require training to live with other pets
Great family dog

Lifespan:

12 – 15 years

Weight:

16 – 25kg

Height:

43 – 57cm

Colours:

Black, white, brown, black and white, and brown and white

Size:

Medium

Kennel Club Group:

Working

Lifespan:

12 – 15 years

Weight:

16 – 25kg

Height:

43 – 57cm

Colours:

Black, white, brown, black and white, and brown and white

Size:

Medium

Kennel Club Group:

Working

Personality

Possibly as a by-product of a history of sitting quietly in boats before leaping into action, the Portuguese Water Dog, while extremely active, is surprisingly self-controlled and very trainable. They are friendly, happy dogs who bond closely to their families and who enjoy being a part of everything - but without training and enough exercise and stimulation they can become bored and unruly. Water is, unsurprisingly, a magnet for them!

History and Origins

Country of Origin: Portugal

An ancient breed, the Portuguese Water Dog is closely related to the other waterfowl retrieving dogs of Europe but it is not classed as a gundog as its skills were put to very different uses. Instead of being a retriever, the Portuguese Water Dog was very much a fisherman’s friend working alongside their owners on the southern coast of Portugal - and would herd fish, move nets, retrieve escaped fish and would even take messages from boat to boat. With their keen eyesight, they would alert fishermen to shoals of fish in the water and on foggy nights, they would even act as a canine foghorn, barking to alert other boats to their presence.

Nutrition and Feeding

Your dog's diet needs to have the right balance of all the main nutrient groups including a constant supply of fresh water. It's also important to conduct regular?body condition?scores to ensure you keep your dog in ideal shape and remember to feed them at least twice daily and in accordance with the feeding guidelines of their particular food.

Exercise

The Portuguese Water Dog needs at least an hour and a half’s daily exercise - to include free-running, exploration and sniffing - but preferably much more. They also need plenty of owner interactions in terms of games, interactive toys and training to keep their busy brains occupied. They are real water babies and so if owners can find a hydrotherapy pool or safe swimming opportunities, they will be in heaven!

Other Information

Health and common issues

As with many breeds, the Portuguese Water Dog can suffer from hereditary eye disorders and hip dysplasia (a condition that can lead to mobility problems). Eye testing and hip scoring of dogs prior to breeding is therefore important. They should also be DNA tested for a rare but serious inherited heart condition that can occur in the breed. The breed club monitor the health of the breed carefully and should be contacted for the most up-to-date information and details of any DNA or additional testing they recommend. Breed Clubs can be found on the Kennel Club website.

Space requirements

While not large dogs, the Portuguese Water Dog does need a lot of exercise, and so need a more rural home or daily access to a variety of open spaces. They appreciate a large garden which will need to be well fenced.

Training portuguese water dogs

The Portuguese Water Dog is a smart, intelligent breed who is quick to learn and can easily become the star of any training class - however like many clever dogs, owners need to find ways to motivate them using reward-based methods and by keeping training enjoyable as they have an independent streak and a low boredom threshold that can lead them to going ‘self-employed’ (especially near water!).

Best family dog breeds

With their friendly, self-controlled, gentle nature, the Portuguese Water Dog makes an ideal companion for an active family - and will happily get on with other animals if introduced to them at an early age. While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with and respect each other, and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

Did you know?

The last canine residents of the White House were Portuguese Water Dogs. Bo was given to President Obama as a gift from Senator Ted Kennedy, and during his time in Washington he was known as the ‘first dog’. The Obamas were so enchanted by Bo that they got Sunny, another Portuguese Water Dog, as a playmate for him.
Portuguese Water Dogs have webbed feet which makes them amazing swimmers.
Despite being very fluffy, they have no undercoat which means they don’t really shed.
The first account of a Portuguese Water Dog was in 1297 when a monk reported a dying sailor who had been rescued from the sea with a dog with a ‘black coat of rough hair, cut to the first rib and with a tuft on the tip of his tail’.
It’s thought that their bloodline influenced other breeds such as the Irish Water Spaniel and the Kerry Blue Terrier.

Toy Poodle

The Toy Poodle dog is a noble-looking dog with a slender muzzle and long neck. The coat is profuse, curly and is often styled, and comes in a variety of shades, including blues, greys, silvers, browns, apricots and creams – see the breed standard for full details. The adult should be below 28cm in height and weighs no more than 4.5kg.

The need-to-know

Dog suitable for non-experienced owners
Basic training required
Enjoys gentle walks
Enjoys walking half an hour a day
Little toy dog
Minimum drool
Requires grooming daily
Hypoallergenic breed
Chatty and vocal dog
Guard dog. Barks and alerts
Great with other pets
Great family dog

Personality

This is a lively and affectionate dog, who can make the most wonderful companion. He can be a good guard dog, announcing visitors, but is generally good-tempered. Toy Poodles are unusually sensitive to vocal intonation, and respond well to training. Children should be trained to handle these small, delicate dogs carefully, though.

History and Origins

This small Poodle size was known to exist at least 500 years ago. During the 17th and 18th centuries the Poodle dog breed became a favourite with the nobility, who wanted dogs smaller than the miniature variety and so the Toy Poodle dog was developed. The name 'Poodle' came from the German for 'pudel' (meaning 'to splash in water', as the Standard (from which the Mini and Toy Poodles descended) was a highly regarded water-retriever.

Nutrition and Feeding

Toy dogs have a fast metabolism, meaning they burn energy at a high rate, although their small stomachs mean that they must eat little and often. Small-breed foods are specifically designed with appropriate levels of key nutrients and smaller kibble sizes to suit smaller mouths. This also encourages chewing and improves digestion.

Exercise

This is a fairly active breed that likes to get out on walks and particularly enjoys games. It is a good idea to enrol in some sort of activity so that the mind is stimulated along with the body. Poodles can do well in obedience, agility and most dog sports.

Other Information

Health and common issues

Like many small breeds, the Toy Poodle can suffer from kneecaps that may temporarily slip out of place (luxating patellas). They are also prone to a hip condition and an inherited eye disorder that should be tested for.

Best family dog breeds

Poodle Standard

Dignified, elegant and affectionate, the Poodle originated in Germany as a water retriever. The breed has three size varieties. Besides his beauty, the Poodle is known for his superior intelligence and learning ability. The active Poodle can live in many living situations as long as he receives daily exercise. His hypoallergenic coat requires regular grooming.

DID YOU KNOW? Famous Poodle owners include musician "Weird Al" Yankovic, philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer, composer Ludwig van Beethoven, authors John Steinbeck and Gertrude Stein, and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill.

ALSO KNOWN AS: Pudle, Caniche, Barbone

The need-to-know

Dog suitable for owners with some experience
Some training required
Enjoys vigorous walks
Enjoys walking one to two hours a day
Large dog
Minimum drool
Requires grooming daily
Hypoallergenic breed
Chatty and vocal dog
Not a guard dog
Great with other pets
Great family dog

Lifespan:

12 – 15 years

Weight:

20 – 32kg

Height:

38cm and over

Colours:

The coat comes in many colours including black, white, blue, grey, silver, brown, apricot and cream

Size:

Large

UK Kennel Club Groups:

Utility

Lifespan:

12 – 15 years

Weight:

20 – 32kg

Height:

38cm and over

Colours:

The coat comes in many colours including black, white, blue, grey, silver, brown, apricot and cream

Size:

Large

UK Kennel Club Groups:

Utility

Personality

Do not underestimate the Standard Poodle, despite gaining a foppish and silly reputation due to the exaggerated hair-cuts of the show dogs, the Standard Poodle is a clever, quick-witted and athletic dog. They are high-spirited and fun loving, make great watch dogs and will adore taking part in any activity their owners choose to indulge in!

History and Origins

Country of Origin: Germany

The Standard Poodle is the oldest of the three Poodle sizes and the original, but their exact origins are unknown. Some say they originated in France but it is far more likely that they come from Germany. Their ancestors were the old water dogs of Europe who were famous for their intelligence and skill, and we do know that despite their glamourous appearance, the Poodles original function was as a hard-working water retrieving gundog, and they are still more than capable of doing a day’s work, with some retaining more hunting instinct than others.

Nutrition and Feeding

Large breed dogs, as well as having large appetites, benefit from a different balance of nutrients including minerals and vitamins compared to smaller-breed dogs. Standard Poodles are also prone to bloating and stomach problems; smaller, more frequent meals can help minimise this risk.

Exercise

Standard Poodles take a great deal of exercise and want room to run. Expect an hour to two hours per day of walking and running, plus extra time to train or take part in dog sports and competition. The Standard Poodle may well enjoy swimming, so choose walking routes carefully if you don’t want to deal with a very soggy Poodle!

Other Information

Health and common issues

As with many breeds, The Standard Poodle can suffer from various hereditary eye disorders, and hip dysplasia (a condition that can lead to mobility problems). Eye testing and hip scoring of dogs prior to breeding is therefore important. There is also a high incidence in the breed of a particular hormonal disease (Addison's disease) and a stomach condition (gastric dilation volvulus). The breed club monitor the health of the breed carefully and should be contacted for the most up-to-date information and details of any DNA or additional testing they recommend. Breed Clubs can be found on the Kennel Club website.

Space requirements

Although the breed standard specifies a minimum height, in reality the Standard Poodle is now a fairly tall dog and takes up a reasonable amount of space. You will need dedicated space to bath and groom if you intend on keeping them in a full coat and grooming yourself. A secure garden with good, tall fencing is a must, ideally a flagged or paved yard as a wet lawn will be rapidly turned into a muddy racetrack! Town or country living will be fine as long as there are plenty of places to provide an interesting variety of walks and secure space to run off lead.

Training poodle standard

The Standard Poodle is very intelligent and quick to learn. They love to learn and perform, in fact they are a bit of a show-off, one reason they do so well in the show-ring. They also can excel at all the dog sports – and have a lot of fun doing them too (although owners need a sense of humour as they can also be clownish!). A bored Poodle means trouble, so aim to keep their minds occupied with a variety of training exercises, games and puzzle solving. The Standard Poodle is not hard to train, but you will need to be quick, engaging and fun to work with!

Best family dog breeds

The Standard Poodle can make an excellent family pet, however the space, time and exercise requirements may mean this is not a suitable pet for a busy family with young children. With older children or teens who can help with training, walking and grooming however, they are a fun and active companion. While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with and respect each other, and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

Did you know?

Standard Poodles or ‘Spoo’ to their owners, have long been popular with the rich, famous and nobility, from Zsa
Zsa Gabor to Louis XXII, the glamorous poodle has a host of notable owners.
The coat is traditionally clipped into what may seem frivolous or silly shapes, but this was originally done to provide protection and buoyancy to some areas of the body whilst keeping other areas clear to free up movement and avoid matting.
Poodle coats can also be twisted and rubbed into long skinny cords, giving the Poodle a very different look. At home the Poodle can have whatever clip you prefer and their coat constantly grows meaning if you don’t like a particular look, you can have another ‘do’ next time round!
Standard Poodle’s rank number 2 on the list of most intelligent dog breeds!
A team of Poodle’s once competed in the Iditarod Dog Sled Race, a gruelling 1,150-mile journey through Alaska’s Arctic tundra. Unfortunately, they had to pull out of the race before the first checkpoint as they weren’t cut out for the extreme weather.

Miniature Poodle

The Miniature Poodle is a noble-looking dog with a slender muzzle and long neck. The coat is profuse and curly and is often styled. They can be seen in many colours.

The need-to-know

Dog suitable for non-experienced owners
Basic training required
Enjoys gentle walks
Enjoys walking half an hour a day
Small dog
Minimum drool
Requires grooming daily
Hypoallergenic breed
Chatty and vocal dog
Guard dog. Barks and alerts
Great with other pets
Great family dog

Lifespan:

13–15 years

Weight:

12–14kg

Height:

28–38cm

Colours:

Black, white, blue, grey, silver, brown, apricot, red, silver beige and cream

Size:

Small

Kennel Club Group:

Utility

Lifespan:

13–15 years

Weight:

12–14kg

Height:

28–38cm

Colours:

Black, white, blue, grey, silver, brown, apricot, red, silver beige and cream

Size:

Small

Kennel Club Group:

Utility

Personality

The Poodle is a lively, sociable and affectionate dog who is both intelligent and amusing, and makes a wonderful and fun companion. They love to be included in all family pursuits and can be good watch dogs, announcing visitors without being aggressive. They bond closely to their owners and so do not like to be left home alone.

History and Origins

Country of Origin: Germany

The original Poodle is the Standard Poodle - who was a water retrieving dog so this is a breed who was always very much a worker. The Miniature Poodle was created as a smaller version of the original Poodle for owners who didn’t want such a large dog but were enchanted by their personalities and enthusiasm for all kinds of work. The major influencers in this desire for a smaller Poodle were circuses - who were using this highly intelligent, easy to train, friendly and even comical dog in their shows with great success but found the Standard Poodles just a bit too big.

Nutrition and Feeding

Small dogs have a fast metabolism, meaning they burn energy at a high rate, although their small stomachs mean that they must eat little and often. Small-breed foods are specifically designed with appropriate levels of key nutrients and smaller kibble sizes to suit smaller mouths. This also encourages chewing and improves digestion.

Exercise

The Miniature Poodle is an active dog who enjoys exercise and will be happy with between an hour to two hours every day - but will still enjoy games, training, interactive toys and being involved in all family activities at the rest of the time too. If under-exercised or bored, they can become overactive and noisy.

Other Information

Health and common issues

Like many small breeds, the miniature Poodle can suffer from kneecaps that may temporarily slip out of place (luxating patellas). They are also prone to a hip condition and an inherited eye disorder that should be tested for. The breed club monitor the health of the breed carefully and should be contacted for the most up-to-date information and details of any DNA or additional testing they recommend. Breed Clubs can be found on the Kennel Club website.

Space requirements

The Miniature Poodle can be a country dog or a city dog - and can live in smaller urban spaces as long as they have access to outside for daily exercise and toileting.

Training miniature poodles

Poodles are a joy to train as they are clever, quick to learn and love working with their owner. They can turn their paw to dog sports such as mini agility, heelwork to music and even obedience with no problems whatsoever - and in fact training and working with their owner will keep this often busy dog happy and relaxed.

Best family dog breeds

Being a little more robust than the smaller Toys - and not as big and bouncy as the Standards, the Miniature Poodle can make a fantastic family dog. While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with and respect each other, and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

Did you know?

Poodles - especially the ones you see in the show ring - seem to have all kinds of crazy hairdos but these often flamboyant-looking styles all started off with a purpose. Poodles were originally water-retrieving dogs but their coats could easily get water-logged and pull them down. The answer was to clip off all their hair but leave some around their vital organs to keep them warm, and around any vulnerable joints to protect from injury.
Miniature Poodle’s were incredibly popular in circuses because of their small size, cute looks and high intelligence.
The breed is currently one of the most popular dogs in the show ring.
A Poodle’s coat never stops growing, which is one of the many reasons they need regular grooming.
Poodles were one of Elvis Presley’s favourite dog breeds!

Pomeranian

A cocky, animated dog of Nordic descent, the Pomeranian originally weighed nearly 13 kilograms and served as a sheep herder. The breed was reduced in size in the historical region of Pomerania, which today is Germany and Poland. An extrovert with great intelligence and a vivacious spirit, the Pomeranian can be an excellent family dog. The breed’s protective demeanor makes him a good watchdog as well. The Pomeranian does not require much exercise, but his thick coat needs regular brushing.

DID YOU KNOW? The popularity of the Pomeranian dramatically increased when Queen Victoria brought one back to England from Italy in 1888. A Pomeranian named “Turi” lay next to the Queen at her death.

ALSO KNOWN AS: Deutscher Spitz, Zwergspitz, Spitz nain, Spitz enano, Pom, Zwers

The need-to-know

Dog suitable for non-experienced owners
Basic training required
Enjoys gentle walks
Enjoys walking half an hour a day
Little toy dog
Some drool
Requires grooming daily
Non hypoallergenic breed
Very vocal dog
Guard dog. Barks and alerts
Great with other pets
Great family dog

Lifespan:

12–16 years

Weight:

1.8–3kg

Height:

18–30cm

Colours:

White, black, brown, blue, red, orange, beaver, cream, white, merle, parti-coloured, sable

Size:

Small

Kennel Club group:

Toy

Lifespan:

12–16 years

Weight:

1.8–3kg

Height:

18–30cm

Colours:

White, black, brown, blue, red, orange, beaver, cream, white, merle, parti-coloured, sable

Size:

Small

Kennel Club group:

Toy

Personality

They are lively and energetic little dogs who are very loyal to their families, although generally bond to one person. Pomeranians enjoy being handled and spending time with their beloved owner but it’s important that they have the opportunity to be ‘real dogs’. They make excellent watch dogs, as they are quite vocal and will alert to anything unusual - or indeed to just about anything! Despite their gentle and affectionate natures and surprisingly enthusiastic attitude to life, care must be taken, as under all that hair they are tiny and quite fragile.

History and Origins

Country of Origin: Germany

Unlikely as it may seem, Pomeranians (or 'Poms') are almost certainly descended from the sledge-pulling dogs of the Arctic and are probably related to the Keeshond, Norwegian Elkhound and the Samoyed. This small pet dog was intentionally bred through progressive size reduction although when they arrived in the UK with German-born Queen Charlotte they were very different from the Poms we know today - being white and much larger (9-14kgs). They soon became popular, especially with royalty, so when Queen Victoria visited Florence and saw much smaller various of the breed there, she brought them home with her. The Queen went on to breed them and showed them at Crufts in 1891 where (not surprisingly!) she won best of breed. In the years that followed her death in 1901, selective breeding for a smaller size continued until the tiny dog we know today was developed and the larger sizes vanished entirely from the UK.

Nutrition and Feeding

Exercise

Pomeranians are very undemanding in their exercise requirements and are quite happy with short daily walks or a run in the garden with their owners. If kept fit and active however they can enjoy much longer walks. Their primary focus is social contact with their owner but as a descendant of working breeds, they do enjoy interactive enrichment games to keep their busy mind occupied and to stop them getting bored and overly noisy.

Other Information

Health and common issues

Like many small breeds, the Pomeranian can suffer from kneecaps that may temporarily slip out of place (luxating patellas). Other common problems in Poms are eye conditions, a disorder causing hair loss and a windpipe problem that causes coughing.

Space requirements

Pomeranians can live in just about any home as they do not need much space. They do need access to outdoor spaces for daily walks and toileting (especially as to successfully toilet train them, you do need to be able to get them out very frequently).

Training pomeranians

It’s easy to underestimate these tiny dogs but they are surprisingly trainable and enjoy working with their owner. Poms have been known to compete successfully in mini agility as well as learn all kinds of tricks. At the least they should be taught to walk on a harness and have a good recall (not that they generally go far from their owner). Like many toy breeds, expect toilet training to take far longer than in larger breeds.

Best family dog breeds

Although the Pom is friendly and gets on with everyone, they are too delicate for active or boisterous young families. They will do well in a family of older sensible children however. While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with and respect each other, and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

Did you know?

When Poms first came to the UK, they were very much the canine supermodels of the time. Artist Gainsborough was particularly taken with the breed and painted them several times. This was possibly what led to their popularity - especially among the aristocracy.
Their connection to the arts doesn’t stop there either, Mozart had a Pomeranian named Pimperl, to which he dedicated an aria to and Michelangelo had a Pom by his side whilst he painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.
Two Pomeranian’s survived the sinking of the Titanic in 1912.
One of the most internet famous dogs ever, was a Pomeranian called Boo. He had 16 million Facebook fans when he passed away in January 2019.
Pomeranian’s have one of the smallest litter sizes with the average being around 2 – 3 puppies per litter.

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