Machine Name
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German Short-Haired Pointer

Highly intelligent and willing to please, the German Shorthaired Pointer is a multipurpose hunting dog with a powerful sense of smell and keen enthusiasm for work. A true athlete, the breed thrives with active families who give him regular exercise. A loyal companion and watchdog, the German Shorthaired Pointer has an even and friendly temperament. His coat sheds but requires little grooming.

DID YOU KNOW? The German Shorthaired Pointer has webbed feet, which help him to excel at swimming.

ALSO KNOWN AS: Deutscher kurzhaariger Vorstehhund, Deutsch Kurzhaar, Kurzhaar

 

The need-to-know

 

  • Dog suitable for owners with some experience
  • Some training required
  • Enjoys vigorous walks
  • Enjoys walking more than two hours a day
  • Large dog
  • Some drool
  • Requires grooming once a week
  • Non hypoallergenic breed
  • Quiet dog
  • Not a guard dog
  • May require training to live with other pets
  • Great family dog
Life Span:
12–14 years
Weight:
25–32kg
Height:
Males measure between 58–64cm and females 53–59cm
Colours:
Liver, white and black
Size:
Large
Kennel Club group:
Gundog
Personality

The German Shorthaired Pointer is a gentle, loving, people-oriented dog who makes a good companion for an active family or individual who can give them the exercise, training and attention they need. They are highly attached to their owners and do not like to be left alone. They may not be reliable with small fluffy animals or unfamiliar cats although can learn to get on with their own.

History and Origins

Country of Origin: Germany

 

The German Shorthaired Pointer was created in Germany in the 17th century by crossing the Spanish Pointer with some of the early German bird dog breeds and, some historians suggest, Bloodhound. This was successful, but the new breed was heavy and slow and so in the 19th century steps were taken to improve the breed by crossing them with the English Pointer which produced a lighter, faster dog.

 

However, the emphasis has always been on the breed’s searching ability rather than their speed. The GSP is one of the versatile Hunt, Point and Retrieve (HPR) breeds and is happy to work on land and water. To their supporters, the German Shorthaired Pointer is the perfect, all-round gundog.

Nutrition and Feeding

Large breed dogs, as well as having large appetites, benefit from a different balance of nutrients including minerals and vitamins compared to smaller-breed dogs. German Shorthaired Pointers need a balanced diet that includes the main nutrients groups and a constant supply of fresh water.

Exercise

The German Shorthaired Pointer is very active and needs at least two hours of daily dog exercise. In addition to this they need plenty of enrichment, brain-games, training and stimulation to prevent them getting bored and making up their own entertainment - which can include digging, chewing, hyper-activity and generally getting up to mischief!

Other Information

Health and Common Concerns

 

The short-haired German Pointer is generally a healthy breed. However, as with many breeds, they can suffer from various hereditary eye disorders and hip dysplasia (a condition that can lead to mobility problems). Eye testing and hip scoring of dogs prior to breeding is therefore important. Epilepsy is also seen more commonly in this breed.

 

Space Requirements

 

This is a large country dog who needs space both indoors and out - and plenty of open countryside for exercise.

 

Training German Shorthaired Pointer

 

The German Shorthaired Pointer is an intelligent, clever dog who loves working with their owners and so can be trained to a high standard. They will excel with owners who can find pet gun dog classes where they can be taught to give these active working dogs an appropriate outlet for their natural hardwired hunting behaviours.

 

Best Family Dog Breeds

 

Being affectionate and friendly the German Shorthaired Pointer makes are great dog for active, sporty families. Their activity levels and playfulness may make them too boisterous around small children. While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with each other and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

 

Did You Know?

 

  • The German Shorthaired Pointer was originally known as the Deutscher Kurzhariger Vorstehhund.

German Shepherd Dog

Hailed as the world’s leading military, police and guard dog, the German Shepherd Dog was first bred in 1899. This German breed is distinguished by his loyalty, courage and easy trainability. He is a loving, loyal, even-tempered family companion and is fond of children. An energetic working breed, the German Shepherd Dog requires regular exercise and grooming.

DID YOU KNOW? President John F. Kennedy owned a German Shepherd Dog called “Clipper.” In 1928, a German Shepherd Dog called “Buddy” was trained as the first guide dog in the U.S. A German Shepherd Dog named “Rin Tin Tin” starred in 26 Warner Bros.’ films during the 1920s and 1930s, gaining worldwide fame and a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.

ALSO KNOWN AS: Alsatian, Alsatian Wolf Dog, Berger Allemand, Deutscher Schäferhund, German Shepherd, Schäferhund

 

The need-to-know

 

  • Dog suitable for experienced owners
  • Extra training required
  • Enjoys vigorous walks
  • Enjoys walking more than two hours a day
  • Large dog
  • Some drool
  • Requires grooming daily
  • Non hypoallergenic breed
  • Very vocal dog
  • Guard dog. Barks, alerts and it's physically protective
  • May require training to live with other pets
  • May require training to live with kids
Lifespan:
9 – 13 years
Weight:
22 – 40kg
Height:
58 – 63cm
Colours:
Coats come in a range of colours including black, sable, black and tan, black and gold. See Kennel Club website for the full range
Size:
Large
UK Kennel Club Groups:
Pastoral
Personality

Renowned as a ‘one man (or woman) dog’, the GSD forms a strong, affectionate and close bond with their handler and will want to be with them as much as possible. Their loyalty is undeniable, however unfortunately over the last few decades many breeders seeking to promote their natural guarding tendencies have selected for nervous animals who alert faster out of a lack of confidence and who are willing to use aggression first rather than last.

 

A well-bred, well-reared German Shepherd should be bold, confident, swift and intelligent, and always calm and steady enough to be able to listen to their owner or handler whatever the circumstances. They are eager to learn and easy to train with the right approach, using kindness, positive reinforcement and patience.

History and Origins

Country of Origin: Germany

 

Originally a herding dog, although not in the way you may think – the German Shepherd works as a living fence, walking or running an invisible boundary between sheep and land they need to be kept from, keeping livestock where they are meant to be. If they spotted a sheep straying from the flock, they would silently move them back into the fold without barking – which would alarm the whole flock. Formed from a variety of different sheep-herding dogs, they can trace their origins back to the 7th Century.

 

First shown in 1882, the Verein fur Deutsche Schaferhunde, the German breed club for GSD’s was formed in 1899. Through this club GSD’s were developed for use with the police and armed forces, thus saving them from extinction during the difficult times. During the first World War, GSD’s lost favour outside of Germany and allied countries when all things German became unpopular. At this time the breed name was changed to the Alsatian in England and France to avoid this discrimination. Thankfully this is far in the past and the German Shepherd Dog has regained their original name.

Nutrition and Feeding

Large breed dogs, as well as having large appetites, benefit from a different balance of nutrients including minerals and vitamins compared to smaller-breed dogs. The German Shepherd dog can be prone to bloating and stomach problems; smaller, more frequent meals can help minimise this risk.

Exercise

Two hours or more exercise with plenty of variety in route and location should meet the adult GSD’s needs. Puppies require careful exercise to avoid damaging still developing joints. Lots of training and puzzle solving games will keep that sharp mind engaged productively. A bored or lonely German Shepherd is likely to be reactive, vocal and destructive!

Other Information

Health and Common Issues

 

The German Shepherd dog is predisposed to a number of problems including gastrointestinal diseases, a specific stomach condition (gastric dilation volvulus), a disease of the spinal cord and epilepsy. As with many other breeds, they can also suffer from hip and elbow dysplasia (joint conditions that can be painful and lead to mobility problems). Hip scoring of dogs prior to breeding is therefore important. The breed club monitor the health of the breed carefully and should be contacted for the most up-to-date information and details of any DNA or additional testing they recommend. Breed Clubs can be found on the Kennel Club website.

 

Space Requirements

 

This is a big dog who takes a long time to physically mature and so is not suited to flats accessed by stairs or homes without access to a secure garden. Town or country will be fine, but plenty of space to walk, train and run freely is advisable. They will guard and so a busy urban environment can be too stimulating for them.

 

Training German Shepherd Dog

 

Early and consistent socialisation is vital to ensure the GSD grows up confident and happy in a variety of situations with people, other animals, livestock and children. This is a breed that needs to be sourced form a breeder who understands the importance of early habituation and socialisation with this potentially reactive breed. Easy to train if you employ kind reward-based training methods. Patience is needed as the GSD is slow to mature and often suffers from looking like an adult physically long before their brain has matured! A well-trained GSD is capable of most jobs, sports or activities – in fact one of the first non-herding and non-military uses for the GSD was as Guide Dogs for the Blind.

 

Best Family Dog Breeds

 

A German Shepherd Dog from a breeder who focuses on temperament and health makes an excellent family pet if you have the time to dedicate to training, exercise and vacuuming up shed hair. Possibly a little too boisterous and large for homes with tiny children or frail older family members. While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with and respect each other, and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

 

Did You Know?

 

  • German Shepherd Dogs have had many jobs, one of the least well known however was as guide dogs for the blind, and the GSD was preferred as their height made them very suitable for blinded ex-military men, who would have found the Labradors and Golden Retrievers (and their mixes) too short! They are still used today for taller people but the amount of hair they shed makes them less popular.
  • Long before Lassie, the first canine film star was a German Shepherd Dog known as Rin Tin Tin who was rescued as a puppy in 1918 from a World War I battlefield by Lee Duncan, an American soldier. He made 26 films, had his own radio show and even his own private chef!
  • German Shepherds are super intelligent and can learn new tricks and behaviours in only a few repetitions.
  • After the World Wars, Americans and Europeans were very concerned about anything German so their named was changed to Alsatian Wolf Dogs, some still refer to them by that name today.
  • The German Shepherd is incredibly popular and are the second most registered breed by the American Kennel Club after the Labrador Retriever.

German Pinscher

The muscular, powerful German Pinscher is courageous and protective, making him an excellent family watchdog. Originally bred in Germany, the German Pinscher has a strong prey instinct and likes to chase anything that moves. An intelligent, active breed, he needs vigorous daily exercise as well as companionship to avoid becoming bored and destructive. His dense, glossy coat is easy to maintain.

DID YOU KNOW? The German Pinscher nearly became extinct following both World Wars. Werner Jung is credited with reviving the breed in 1958 in West Germany. Despite his name, the German Pincher is more closely related to the Schnauzer than the Doberman or the Miniature Pinscher.

ALSO KNOWN AS: Deutscher Pinscher

 

The need-to-know

 

  • Dog suitable for owners with some experience
  • Some training required
  • Enjoys active walks
  • Enjoys walking one to two hours a day
  • Medium dog
  • Some drool
  • Requires grooming once a week
  • Non hypoallergenic breed
  • Very vocal dog
  • Guard dog. Barks and alerts
  • May require training to live with other pets
  • May require training to live with kids
Living Considerations
Not suitable for children, not hypoallergenic, suitable for apartment living if adequately exercised
Size
Toy
Height
43 to 50 centimetres at the withers
Weight
11 to 16 kilograms
Coat
Short
Energy
High
Colour
Fawn, red, or black and blue, with red or tan markings
Activities
Agility, Obedience, Tracking, Search and Rescue, Conformation, Guarding
Indoor/Outdoor
Both
Personality

An alert, bold breed with natural guarding tendencies, the German Pinscher needs an active home with experienced owners, who can socialize, train and handle him. This high-spirited dog would run rings around a first-time owner! In the right home, he makes a loyal, rewarding dog that can be trained in a number of disciplines.

History and Origins

The German Pinscher dog breed is of the same origin as the Dobermann, which is larger, and the Miniature Pinscher, which is smaller. A farm dog, with his forefathers working as far back as the 15th century, the German Pinscher was used as a watch dog and ratter. Originally, there were two coat types – and the Standard Schnauzer is thought to have developed from the rough-coated Pinscher-type. The German Kennel Club recognised the German Pinscher in 1879.

Nutrition and Feeding

Your dog's diet needs to have the right balance of all the main nutrient groups including a constant supply of fresh water. It's also important to conduct regular body condition scores to ensure you keep your dog in ideal shape and remember to feed him at least twice daily and in accordance with the feeding guidelines of his particular food.

Exercise

Around an hour's exercise is needed per day, though he will happily accept more if you can offer it. Agility, obedience, tracking and other doggie sports will be enjoyed, too.

Other Information

Health and Common Issues

 

As with many breeds, the German Pinscher can suffer from various hereditary eye disorders, and hip dysplasia (a condition that can lead to mobility problems). Eye testing and hip scoring of dogs prior to breeding is therefore important.

 

Best Family Dog Breeds

 

While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with and respect each other, and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

French Bulldog

The French Bulldog was developed by English lace makers who bred a toy-sized bulldog to be a lap pet. After the Industrial Revolution, this intelligent, well-behaved, playful breed became popular in France. Prized for his affectionate, even disposition, the French Bulldog is an active, alert watch dog that requires minimal exercise. His fine, smooth coat needs little maintenance.

DID YOU KNOW? The French Bulldog is a popular breed among Hollywood celebrities including Hugh Jackman, David Beckham and Reese Witherspoon.

ALSO KNOWN AS: Bouledogue Français

 

The need-to-know

 

  • Dog suitable for non-experienced owners
  • Basic training required
  • Enjoys gentle walks
  • Enjoys walking half an hour a day
  • Small dog
  • Minimum drool
  • Requires grooming once a week
  • Non hypoallergenic breed
  • Quiet dog
  • Guard dog. Barks and alerts
  • May require training to live with other pets
  • May require training to live with kids
Lifespan:
11–14 years
Weight:
7.5–12.5kg
Height:
30–31cm
Weight
13 kilograms or less
Colours:
The French Bulldog can come in a variety of colours including fawn; cream; brindle or pied
Size:
Small
Kennel Club Group:
Utility
Personality

This is a friendly, good-natured, playful dog, who makes an ideal affectionate and fun companion or family dog that’s as happy living in towns and cities as in the countryside. This is a courageous breed who think they are many times bigger than they actually are - and can on occasions find themselves in conflict with other dogs who can’t read their flat face and lack of tail.

 

A French Bulldog would suit an owner who lives in a smaller space and who doesn’t want to have to give their dog a lot of exercise but enjoys plenty of games and interaction in the home. They probably shouldn’t object to snoring either…

History and Origins

The French Bulldog is originally descended from the Toy Bulldog, a miniaturised version of the British Bulldog, and a breed that was popular with the lace-makers of Nottingham. During the industrial revolution, many relocated to France and took their dogs with them. Here the breed changed, possibly with the inclusion of other breeds including the Pug and some terriers, resulting in the French Bulldog we know and love today.

Nutrition and Feeding

Small dogs have a fast metabolism, meaning they burn energy at a high rate, although their small stomachs mean that they must eat little and often. Small-breed foods are specifically designed with appropriate levels of key nutrients and smaller kibble sizes to suit smaller mouths. This also encourages chewing and improves digestion.

Exercise

The Frenchie doesn't require very much exercise compared with some breeds and about an hour's exercise daily should suffice. Do ensure that they are protected from the heat, as due to their flat face they can suffer heat exhaustion and respiratory distress if exercised in warm weather. Exercise them in the early morning and late evening in the summer.

Other Information

Health and Common Issues

 

The most common health problems encountered in the French Bulldog relate to their flat face, which may result in obstruction of their airways and a difficulty in breathing. Over-exercising and over-heating is therefore to be avoided. They are also prone to skin infections, eye problems, hip and elbow dysplasia (joint conditions that can be painful and lead to mobility problems) and spinal disorders. Pet insurance is a must for this breed - as is buying from a reliable and knowledgeable breeder.

 

Space Requirements

 

The Frenchie doesn’t need a lot of space so is as happy living in a flat as in a house with a garden, as long as they have access to the outdoors for exercise and toileting.

 

Training French Bulldogs

 

The French Bulldog is never going to be an obedience champion or excel in your local training class, but with patience and reward-based training they can easily master the basic exercises like sit, down, recall and walking on a lead and harness. They can also enjoy interactive enrichment games.

 

Best Family Dog Breeds

 

The French Bulldog can happily fit into family life and gets on well with older children, although may not be a great fit for an active sporty family or a family with younger children. While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with and respect each other, and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

 

Did You Know?

 

  • While starting off life as a working rural companion, stories of the French Bulldog’s unconventional appearance spread to Paris where they were adopted by those who wanted to appear socially daring and they found fame in paintings by Degas and Toulouse-Lautrec. Postcards can still sometime be found of scantily clad women posing with their ‘Bouledogues Francais’.
  • In the majority of cases, French Bulldogs can’t swim because of their short snouts which cause their body to tilt backward to keep their nose and mouth above water and their large heads and short legs make it difficult for them to stay afloat.
  • One unfortunate French Bulldog called Gamin de Pycombe was on the ill-fated Titanic when it sunk. He had been bought in England for the very high price of £150 (£13,500 in today’s money) and was insured for what at that time was an extraordinary amount of money -$750.
  • A French Bulldog called Bugsy took care of a baby orangutan named Malone who was abandoned by his mother at Twycross Zoo.
  • Despite not being barkers, they’re very talkative and will communicate with you in the form of yips, gargles and yawns!

Foxhound

The Foxhound is a large, powerful dog with a short, hard wearing and weatherproof coat. They have drop ears, a deep chest and muscular build with the strong tail held high. This playful dog is extremely affectionate and loyal, making Foxhounds amazing members of the family.

 

The need-to-know

 

  • Dog suitable for experienced owners
  • Some training required
  • Enjoys active walks
  • Enjoys walking one to two hours a day
  • Large dog
  • Minimum drool
  • Requires grooming once a week
  • Non hypoallergenic breed
  • Very vocal dog
  • Not a guard dog
  • May require training to live with other pets
  • Great family dog
Lifespan:
10 – 12 years
Weight:
29 – 32kg
Height:
58 – 64cm
Colours:
White base with tan, lemon, brown or black markings, or tricolour
Size:
Large
UK Kennel Club Groups:
Hound
Personality

The Foxhound is a working pack hound, bred for centuries to hunt, and to travel long distances at a trot and then further distances at a gallop, several days a week. Although sociable, friendly and affable in character when not working, this breed thrives on hard work, and will not be happy without it.

History and Origins

Country of Origin:  England

 

As their name suggests, the Foxhound was bred to hunt foxes either on foot or followed by a mounted pack depending on the terrain they hunted. Individual hunts developed their own lines specific to their needs, so their breed standard is broad and they have never been a particular popular show or pet dog. Over the years the breed has been refined and altered with the addition of Greyhound, Fox Terrier and Bulldog, along with outcrossings to different lines of Foxhound from other packs. Although recognised by the Kennel Club in the UK, the Foxhound almost never appears in Kennel Club run show-rings, instead being shown at agricultural shows as a pack or as couples (pairs of dogs) rather than as individuals. This is and remains very much a working hound.

Nutrition and Feeding

Large breed dogs, as well as having large appetites, benefit from a different balance of nutrients including minerals and vitamins compared to smaller-breed dogs. The Foxhound, with his deep chest, is more prone to bloating and stomach problems; smaller, more frequent meals can help minimise this risk. Discover more about how to offer your dog a balanced diet with our easy-to-follow guide.

Exercise

Two hours of dog exercise per day is the absolute minimum for a Foxhound. A mixture of walking, trotting and free running across a variety of terrains, plus scent work to use their inherent desire to follow a trail. They are bred to run miles each day, running alongside a horse or bicycle on non-hunting days, and galloping across hills, muddy plough, through ditches and over hedges on hunting days, which are two or three days per week. The Foxhound has incredible stamina and agility and is not shy of cold or wet weather. It is difficult for most owners to provide this kind of exercise.

Other Information

Health and Common Issues

 

The Foxhound is a very hardy breed with few health problems commonly encountered.

 

Space Requirements

 

This is a big hound, who wants to be out and about in all weathers. A home with space to provide a Foxhound with their own room, ideally with several other Foxhounds as company, and an extremely secure garden (and never leave a Foxhound unsupervised outside, they can scale, jump or dig under fencing with ease). Suited to the countryside only, and to an owner who enjoys Cani-x, tracking, mantrailing and spending long hours retrieving their hound from muddy woodlands. Ideally an owner who does not work, as the Foxhound does not do well when left unsupervised or unoccupied!

 

Training Foxhounds

 

To train a Foxhound first you will need to understand how a Foxhound thinks. They think with their noses, and once the nose is down they follow the scent until they find their quarry. There is really no such thing as a ‘pet’ Foxhound, if you really must own one, you will need to find some form of work for your hound, every day, no matter the weather, and you must be more engaging and interesting than the surrounding environment at all times! Work on recall and dog socialising with livestock and other pets is vital but should never be relied upon for the safety of either the dog or other animals.

 

Best Family Dog Breeds

 

Although sociable and friendly when well trained, socialised and habituated to family life, the Foxhound is a big dog prone to clumsiness in small spaces. Better suited to older teens and families who do not mind a bit of knocking about by an enthusiastic hound, particularly as these dogs are happier in the company of other Foxhounds. While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with each other and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

 

Did You Know?

 

  • The Master of Foxhounds Association is the governing body for registered packs and maintains the Foxhound Stud Book which keeps all the records of Foxhounds born into each registered pack since fox hunting began. Foxhound studs are referred to as ‘stallions’, unusual in the dog world but this is related to their close link with horses and horse breeding.
  • Foxhounds briefly came to public attention with the 1981 Disney film The Fox and the Hound but despite its appeal, most people thankfully recognised it as the ultimate parable about the social pressures and expectations put on those from different groups or backgrounds to be adversaries.

Fox Terrier Wire Coat

He might be small, but the short-backed, muscular Wire Fox Terrier exudes strength. The thick, wiry coat is predominantly white with black, tan, or black and tan markings. Adult male dogs are 39cm tall or under and weigh about 8kg, and females are slightly smaller.

 

The need-to-know

 

  • Dog suitable for owners with some experience
  • Some training required
  • Enjoys active walks
  • Enjoys walking an hour a day
  • Small dog
  • Minimum drool
  • Requires grooming every other day
  • Non hypoallergenic breed
  • Very vocal dog
  • Guard dog. Barks and alerts
  • May require training to live with other pets
  • May require training to live with kids
Personality

An alert, ever-ready terrier, the Wire Fox Terrier is an active dog that needs to be kept busy. If he's bored, he will find his own amusement – in digging, barking or finding other 'entertainment'. A bold, outgoing terrier, he should be friendly with people, though his keen hunting instinct may never be far from the surface.

History and Origins

Developed from a regional wire-coated black and tan working terrier from Wales, Derbyshire and Durham, the Wire Fox Terrier dog breed has been used since the 19th century to hunt flush out fox if they went to ground, in order that the hunt could continue. Originally the breed was classed as the Fox Terrier with two varieties within it – the Wire and Smooth coats – and interbreeding between the varieties was common in the early years, but they are now considered quite separate, with their own breed standards.

Nutrition and Feeding

Small dogs have a fast metabolism, meaning they burn energy at a high rate, although their small stomachs mean that they must eat little and often. Small-breed foods are specifically designed with appropriate levels of key nutrients and smaller kibble sizes to suit smaller mouths. This also encourages chewing and improves digestion.

Exercise

The Wire Fox Terrier needs at least an hour daily exercise. Although he can be socialised from young to live happily with the family cat, he is likely to chase any others he encounters when out and about, as well as any other small, fast-moving creatures, so ensure he is on a lead in urban/traffic areas.

Other Information

Health and Common Issues

 

The Wire Fox Terrier is generally a very healthy breed. However, in common with many small/toy breeds they can suffer from kneecaps that are prone to slipping temporarily out of place (luxating patellas) and some inherited eye problems.

 

Best Family Dog Breeds

 

While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with and respect each other, and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

Fox Terrier Smooth Coat

A short-backed terrier with a long face, this dog has a short, smooth coat that is predominantly white, with or without tan, black or black and tan markings. He has smooth, elegant lines and appears strong, compact and ready for action! When fully grown the Smooth Fox Terrier stands at around 39cm or under and weighs approximately 7.5-8kg (males) and 7-7.5kg (females).

 

The need-to-know

 

  • Dog suitable for owners with some experience
  • Some training required
  • Enjoys active walks
  • Enjoys walking an hour a day
  • Small dog
  • Some drool
  • Requires grooming once a week
  • Non hypoallergenic breed
  • Very vocal dog
  • Guard dog. Barks and alerts
  • May require training to live with other pets
  • May require training to live with kids
Personality

The Smooth Fox Terrier is often a bold, courageous character that fears nothing, but he shouldn't be feared himself as he is a friendly dog, especially towards his owners. As you'd expect, given his working terrier heritage, this dog loves to dig, so keen gardeners should ensure any prized plants are out of reach. A dedicated dig pit where he can excavate toys or chews to his heart's content would be much appreciated.

History and Origins

Developed from various breeds in the 19th century, including the Black and Tan Terrier and Bull Terrier, the Smooth Fox Terrier dog breed was bred to find the fox and drive it from its lair, so it could continue to be hunted by the hounds and horsemen if it went to ground. He was also used for killing vermin. Originally the breed was classed as the Fox Terrier with two varieties within it – the Wire and Smooth coats – and interbreeding between the varieties was common in the early years, but they are now considered quite separate, with their own breed standards.

Nutrition and Feeding

Small dogs have a fast metabolism, meaning they burn energy at a high rate, although their small stomachs mean that they must eat little and often. Small-breed foods are specifically designed with appropriate levels of key nutrients and smaller kibble sizes to suit smaller mouths. This also encourages chewing and improves digestion.

Exercise

An active dog, the Smooth Fox Terrier will need at least an hour exercise a day, though will happily take more. He will enjoy being kept busy – be it patrolling the garden for rodents, digging, or practising a dog sport with you. He will chase squirrels, cats or other small furries on walks, so do keep him on a lead in areas where traffic or other hazards pose a danger. He will also enjoy playing terrier-type games with his owner.

Other Information

Health and Common Issues

 

The Smooth Fox Terrier is generally a very healthy breed. However, in common with many small/toy breeds they can suffer from kneecaps that are prone to slipping temporarily out of place (luxating patellas) and some inherited eye problems. Some inherited eye problems can arise, so routine eye testing of breeding dogs is advised.

 

Best Family Dog Breeds

 

While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with and respect each other, and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

Finnish Spitz

With his pointed muzzle and prick ears, the Finnish Spitz resembles a fox. Once used to hunt small birds and game, the breed today primarily is a playful, friendly house dog. Known for his barking, the Finnish Spitz long ago summoned hunters by barking. A seasonal heavy shedder with a fluffy, dense double coat, this breed needs weekly brushing as well as moderate exercise.

DID YOU KNOW? In barking contests, the Finnish Spitz has been known to bark up to 160 times a minute. The national dog of Finland, he sometimes is called the barking bird dog. The Finnish Spitz is slow to mature, reaching adulthood at 3 ½ to 4 years of age.

ALSO KNOWN AS: Finnish Hunting Dog, Finnish Spets, Finsk Spets, Loulou Finois, Suomalainen pystykorva, Suomenpystykorva

 

The need-to-know

 

  • Dog suitable for owners with some experience
  • Some training required
  • Enjoys gentle walks
  • Enjoys walking an hour a day
  • Medium dog
  • Some drool
  • Requires grooming daily
  • Non hypoallergenic breed
  • Very vocal dog
  • Guard dog. Barks and alerts
  • May require training to live with other pets
  • May require training to live with kids
Lifespan:
12 – 15 years
Weight:
14 – 16kg
Height:
39 – 50cm
Colours:
The coat comes in shades of red-gold or red brown with a lighter coloured, soft undercoat that almost makes the dog glow in the right light
Size:
Medium
UK Kennel Club Groups:
Hound
Personality

The Finnish Spitz is lively and alert, bold and brave with a keen desire to hunt, and to bark about anything they have seen. Loyal with loved ones and said to be excellent with children, they are clever and quick witted and require consistency in training. In Finland they are trained only to bark at their specific quarry and to ignore anything else so it is evidently possible to teach them not to bark indiscriminately, but this will require work.

History and Origins

Country of Origin: Finland

 

Bred to hunt by scent and sight, the Finnish Spitz has been a hunting dog for centuries and is still used today in Finland to track capercaillie and black grouse. In the past they also hunted large game including elk (moose) and bear.

 

Their position in the hound group in the UK is a little unusual as this Spitz type breed actually performs a HPR (Hunt, Point, Retrieve) role in the field. They track game by scent, then point at the game up a tree whilst barking softly and waving their tail which lulls the game into a false sense of security and alerts the hunter. As the hunter gets closer the dog barks louder and moves around the tree. The bird wishing to keep an eye on this suspicious yet mesmerising creature turns to keep it in view, and then the hunter can sneak up quietly and shoot the bird!

 

Due to improvements in transport and the increased mixing of people and their dogs, the Finnish Spitz was bred with other similar types and the breed was almost lost as a result. In the 1880s, two Finnish foresters, Hugo Sandberg and Hugo Roos set out to save the breed and by 1892, they succeeded in having them recognised by the Finnish Kennel Club under the name Suomenpystykorva. Roos was actively involved in breeding, showing and judging the Finnish Spitz until the 1920s, and today the breed is secure with nearly 2000 puppies registered annually in Finland.

Nutrition and Feeding

Your dog's diet needs to have the right balance of all the main nutrient groups including a constant supply of fresh water. It's also important to conduct regular?body condition?scores to ensure you keep your dog in ideal shape and remember to feed them at least twice daily and in accordance with the feeding guidelines of their particular food.

Exercise

An hour a day or more will keep the Finnish Spitz happy, but this is an intelligent and independent breed so walks must be interesting and involve training and games, not just plodding around the same route day in, day out. They love cold weather and won’t notice rain or wind under their thick coat, so don’t think you’ll get a rain-check or a snow-day!

Other Information

Health and Common Issues

 

Generally a healthy dog, the Finnish Spitz suffers no significant breed-related disorders. The breed club monitor the health of the breed carefully and should be contacted for the most up-to-date information and details of any DNA or additional testing they recommend. Breed Clubs can be found on the Kennel Club website.

 

Space Requirements

 

The Finnish Spitz is small and neat and won’t take up a lot of room. They can shed a considerable amount of hair, and though this hair cleans up relatively easily, it should be taken into consideration. Due to their vocal and prey-driven nature, a home in the country with a very secure garden would be best, with access to a variety of interesting walks and secure off lead areas so they can run safely.

 

Training Finnish Spitz

 

As a working breed they are trainable with the right motivation, positive reinforcement and consistency. Understanding what motivates the Finnish Spitz and finding ways to meet those needs will really help. They love to use their noses, so scent work will appeal to them and be an excellent way to engage their brains. Pay attention to training a good recall from an early age, and teach them to be quiet on cue for those frequent times when they feel the need to shout at something!

 

Best Family Dog Breeds

 

Although the Finnish Spitz is said to be excellent with children, care should be taken. They require plenty of exercise and training and therefore may not suit a busy young family who have other time-consuming commitments. Older children will enjoy training and playing with the Finnish Spitz and having them as part of their family. While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with and respect each other, and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

 

Did You Know?

 

  • In Scandinavia there are official barking competitions run for Finnish Spitz to find the ‘King of the Barkers’, and they don’t just bark loudly, they bark fast. Finnish Spitz have been recorded barking at 160 barks per minute. Do consider whether your neighbours will appreciate this type of achievement before getting one for yourself!
  • The breed has been known by many names over the years including Suomen Pystykorva, Finnish Barking Birddog, Finsk Spets, Spitz Finnico, Spitz Finlandes, Finse Spits and Finnenspitz.
  • The ancestors of the Finnish Spitz date back several thousand years.
  • The Finnish Spitz is the national dog of Finland and is actually referenced in many Finnish patriotic songs.
  • This breed takes a long time to mature and generally retain a puppylike behaviour until 3-4 years of age.

Finnish Lapphund

Developed north of the Arctic Circle to herd reindeer, the Finnish Lapphund has a thick, water-repellant double coat that protects him from extreme cold. Agile and alert, this breed is eager to please and has a calm temperament, making him an ideal family pet. His sweet face is likened to that of a teddy bear. The Finnish Lapphund needs daily exercise to keep him from becoming bored as well as regular grooming.

DID YOU KNOW? The Finnish Lapphund is the third most popular breed in Finland.

ALSO KNOWN AS: Lapinkoira, Suomenlapinkoira

 

The need-to-know

 

  • Dog suitable for owners with some experience
  • Basic training required
  • Enjoys active walks
  • Enjoys walking one to two hours a day
  • Medium dog
  • Some drool
  • Requires grooming every other day
  • Non hypoallergenic breed
  • Very vocal dog
  • Guard dog. Barks and alerts
  • May require training to live with other pets
  • May require training to live with kids
Lifespan:
12 – 15 years
Weight:
17 – 19kg
Height:
44 – 49cm
Colours:
The coat comes in all colours except merle, and Lapphunds usually display a distinct light mask over the face that gives them a very attractive smiling appearance
Size:
Medium
UK Kennel Club Groups:
Pastoral
Personality

Keen to work with their owners, the Finnish Lapphund retains a strong herding instinct and is an instinctive hunter outdoors. At home they are alert yet calm, affectionate and loyal. Not as noisy as some spitz types, they will still require some effort put into training to stay quiet as they are naturally inclined to alert to anything they perceive as novel or suspicious.

History and Origins

Country of Origin: Finland

 

Whilst it is clear from archaeological records that the region and people of Lapland have for centuries lived and worked alongside a medium sized arctic spitz type, exact details are unknown. Little written information exists and that which does is written in Laplandic dialect that is now almost impossible to translate. We do however know that the Lapphund worked with the semi-nomadic Sami people of Lapland (a region covering the north of Finland and bordering Sweden and Norway), herding reindeer and likely performing hunting, watchdog and guarding dog roles, as well as companion dog duties.

 

With the damage done to Lapland during the second world war, and then the invention of the snowmobile, Lapphunds are rarely used for reindeer herding today - although some still do. Built to gallop, the Finnish Lapphund often works alongside the shorter-legged Lapponian Herder, another native breed of the region. Recognised by the Finland Kennel Club in 1945, they were not included on the Import Register by the UK Kennel Club until the late 1980s.

Nutrition and Feeding

Your dog's diet needs to have the right balance of all the main nutrient groups including a constant supply of fresh water. It's important to conduct regular?body condition?scores to ensure you keep your dog in ideal shape and remember to feed them at least twice daily and in accordance with the feeding guidelines of their particular food.

Exercise

The Finnish Lapphund ideally requires two hours exercise per day, although some of this can be in the form of training and dog-based sports or activities. This is an active breed and they can turn a paw to a variety of canine hobbies such as agility, canicross, man-trailing and more. Not a dog to leave idle, their independent and problem-solving mind will lead them into (often noisy) trouble if you do!

Other Information

Health and Common Issues

 

As with many breeds, the Finnish Lapphund can occasionally suffer from various hereditary eye disorders, and hip dysplasia (a condition that can lead to mobility problems). Eye testing and hip scoring of dogs prior to breeding is therefore important. The breed club monitor the health of the breed carefully and should be contacted for the most up-to-date information and details of any DNA or additional testing they recommend. Breed Clubs can be found on the Kennel Club website.

 

Space Requirements

 

The Finnish Lapphund is not demanding on space, however this is a dog bred for arctic conditions so if you like a warm stuffy home, and aren’t keen on the outdoors or doors being open all day, they may not be for you. The coat is weatherproof but may pick up considerable amounts of wet and mud, so space to groom and dry off is necessary. A secure garden of a decent size, and access to interesting and varied walking routes are essential. Given their alert, watchdog nature and desire to herd and hunt, a rural environment will suit the Lapphund better than a city location.

 

Training Finnish Lapphunds

 

The Finnish Lapphund will actively enjoy training for its own sake - and fun, engaging training in a variety of games and hobbies will keep them amused and entertained. Pay particular attention to teaching a strong recall to avoid hunting and herding instincts getting them (and you!) into trouble. Teach them to be quiet on cue and socialise well from an early age to avoid them becoming a barky nuisance.

 

Best Family Dog Breeds

 

Great for families with older children but keep in mind their desire to herd and propensity towards barking, a noisy family with very small children may find the addition of a barking dog insistent on rounding up toddlers rather stressful. For older children and teenagers who want to participate in training and dog sport, the Finnish Lapphund can be an excellent companion. While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with and respect each other, and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

 

Did You Know?

 

  • These attractive smiling dogs are so clever and trainable, the breed club in the UK (Finnish Lapphund Club UK) runs versatility awards, where owners can submit evidence of their dog’s achievements both in the show ring and at activities such as flyball, agility, mountain rescue and more.
  • Through mitochondrial DNA testing, the Finnish Lapphund is known to be a part of the d1 subclade, which can be traced back over 3000 years. This subclade has been pinpointed to have occurred as a result of a female wolf mating with a domesticated male dog.
  • The Finnish Lapphund is also known as the ‘Lapinkoira’.
  • This breed is incredibly smart which makes them perfectly suited to working roles and sporting, however some owners report that they’re ‘too smart for their own good’.
  • Finnish Lapphund’s toes are spread out to act as a snowshoe and have fur on their feet and between their paw pads.

Estrela Mountain Dog

This large, powerful, athletic mastiff-type stands around 65-72cm (dogs) or 62-68cm (females) when fully grown and weighs in at 30-50kg. He comes in two coat types: long or short, which come in fawn, brindle, wolf grey or black.

 

The need-to-know

 

  • Dog suitable for experienced owners
  • Extra training required
  • Enjoys active walks
  • Enjoys walking one to two hours a day
  • Large dog
  • Some drool
  • Requires grooming daily
  • Non hypoallergenic breed
  • Very vocal dog
  • Guard dog. Barks, alerts and it's physically protective
  • May require training to live with other pets
  • May require training to live with kids
Personality

With his family, the Estrela Mountain Dog is devoted and loving; with others, he is reserved, so early, thorough socialisation with people and ongoing training is especially important. As you would expect of a guarding breed, he is alert and naturally vocal. Given his size, he is surprisingly agile, so a minimum of 6ft high fencing is recommended.

History and Origins

Originally a guarding breed from the Estrela mountains in northern Portugal, this dog either developed from the Mastiff-type dogs that the Romans had with them when they arrived in the Iberian Peninsula, or came with the invading Visigoths. No one knows for sure, but, regardless of the exact origins, there's no disputing that the Estrela Mountain Dog breed is one of the oldest breeds in Portugal, used for centuries to guard sheep and goats against predators that included the wolf. The isolated geographical area meant that the breed changed little over the years.

Nutrition and Feeding

Large breed dogs, as well as having large appetites, benefit from a different balance of nutrients including minerals and vitamins compared to smaller-breed dogs.

Exercise

Bred to patrol the mountains, he can walk for miles and has great stamina, but around an hour's exercise a day will keep him content. He is surprisingly playful, given his size, and will enjoy games with his owner. He can be stubborn, but is generally a happy pupil and has taken part in search and rescue as well as obedience and agility.

Other Information

Health and Common Issues

 

The Estrela dog breed is generally a healthy and robust breed. However, as with many breeds they can suffer from hip dysplasia (a condition that can lead to mobility problems). Hip scoring of dogs prior to breeding is therefore important. They are also predisposed to a particular heart disease which is common in many large breeds of dog.

 

Best Family Dog Breeds

 

While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with and respect each other, and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

Dog